Planet

A planet, is a extraterrestrial body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive adequate to be rounded by its own gravity, not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion in its core, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals

After stars and stellar remnants, planets are a few of the most massive objects known to man. They play an important part in the structure of planetary systems, and are also considered, along with large moons, the most feasible environment for life. Thus planetary science is crucial not only to comprehend the structure of the universe, but also to better understand the development of life, and to aid the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Additionally, the planets visible from Earth have played a vital role in the shaping of human culture, religion and philosophy in abundant civilisations. Even today, many people continue to believe true the movement of the planets affects their lives, all though such a causation is discarded by the scientific community.

Corydon Airport

Corydon Airport is in south London on the limits of the London Boroughs of Corydon and Sutton. It was once the main airport for London, before it was replaced by Northolt Aerodrome, London Heathrow Airport and London Gatwick Airport.

It originated as two adjacent World War I airfields. Bedding ton Aerodrome, one of a number of small airfields around London which had been created for security against the Zeppelin raids in about May 1915, and Wad don Aerodrome of 1918, a test-flight aerodrome adjoining National Aircraft Factory No1.

At the end of that war, the two airfields were mutual into London's official airport as the gateway for all worldwide flights to and from the capital. Corydon Aerodrome opened on 29 March 1920.

It stimulated a growth in regular scheduled flights transport passengers, mail and freight, the first destinations being Paris, Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In 1923 Berlin flights were added. It was the operating base for Imperial Airways - remembered in the road name imposing Way on the site today.

In the mid 1920s, the airfield was extended, some adjacent roads being permanently closed to allow heavier airliners to land and depart safely. A new complex of buildings was constructed adjoining Purley Way, including the first purpose-designed air terminal in the world, the Aerodrome Hotel and extensive hangars, all opening on 2 May 1928.

The terminal building, the booking hall within it with its gallery balustraded in the geometrical design typical of the period, and the Aerodrome hotel were all built in the Art Deco style of the 1920s and 1930s. A further item that caught the eye of visitor and traveller alike was the time zone tower in the booking hall with its dials depicting the times in different parts of the world.

Cellular Phones

It wasn't until 1947 that scientists began to study the idea of cellular phones. Cellular phones are telephones that use radio wave transmissions rather than wires to make the connection between telephones. Crude mobile phones existed but were not very correct or efficient. Scientists found that if you had small communication cells it would give a much better connection.The name cellular comes from the radio transmitters called cells. Cells are really small radio towers that are closer together than large towers. These cell towers are less expensive and have a better connection. They send and receive signals to and from the phones. So, cellular phones are actually two-way radios! In the United States, the FCC (Federal Communications Commision) limited the cellular phone frequencies in 1947, so only 23 conversations could occur at the same time in the same service area. So the scientists did not do very much research until later.

Bonneville Dam

100 Bonneville Lock and Dam consists of a number of dam structures that together whole a span of the Columbia River between the US states of Oregon and Washington at River Mile 146.1. The dam is situated 40 miles east of Portland, Oregon, in what is now the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area. The main functions of Bonneville Lock and Dam are those of electrical power generation and river navigation. The dam was built and is managed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. Electrical power generated at Bonneville is spread by the Bonneville Power Administration. Bonneville Lock and Dam are named for Army Capt. Benjamin Bonneville, an early explorer endorsed with charting much of the Oregon Trail. The name is marked BAH-nee-vill.

History
The unusual structures: a lock and powerhouse constructed on the south side of Bradford Island and a spillway on the north side were built by the Army Corps of Engineers during the New Deal—started in 1933 and finished in 1937. Prior to this damming of the river, a set of locks that were opened in 1896 moved ships around Cascades Rapids, situated several miles upstream of Bonneville. Both the cascades and the old lock structure were submerged by Lake Bonneville, the tank that formed behind the dam. The original navigation lock at Bonneville was opened in 1938 and was, at that time, the biggest single-lift lock in the world.

Dimensions and statistics

Aerial view of spillway flanked by powerhouses, Bonneville Lock and Lake Bonneville beyond First Powerhouse – Constructed in 1933-37; 313 m long; 10 generators with an output capacity of 526,700 kW.
Spillway – Constructed 1933-37; 18 gates over a length of 442 m; maintains the reservoir usually 18 m above the river on the downstream side;
Second Powerhouse – Constructed 1974-81; 300.5 m long; 8 generators with a total generating capacity of 558,200 kW.
Bonneville Lock – Constructed in 1993 at a cost of $341 million; 26 m wide, 206 m long; transit time is approx. 30 minutes.
Lake Bonneville – 77 km long reservoir on the Columbia River created by Bonneville Dam; part of the Columbia-Snake Inland Waterway.

Traffic light

A traffic light or traffic signal is a signaling machine positioned at a road meeting point or walker crossing to indicate when it is secure to drive, ride or walk, using a worldwide color code.

History

In the 1920s, after continued obliteration of a normal traffic light in its Tipperary Hill Irish neighborhood, the City of Syracuse in the United States gave up and installed a traffic light with green on the top. The Irish had objected to the fact that "British" red was placed above "Irish" green.On 10 December 1868, the first traffic lights were installed outside the Houses of Parliament in London. They resembled railway signals of the time, with semaphore arms and red and green gas lamps for night use.

The modern electric traffic light is an American formation. As early as 1912, Salt Lake City policeman Lester Wire set up the first red-green electric traffic lights. On 5 August 1914, the American Traffic Signal Company installed a traffic signal system on the corner of 105th Street and Euclid Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio. Based on the design of James Hoge, it had two colors, red and green, and a signal to give a warning for color changes. The first three-color traffic lights were introduced in New York and Detroit in 1920.

The first interrelated traffic signal system could be seen in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1917, with six linked intersections restricted at the same time from a manual switch. Automatic control of interrelated traffic lights was introduced March 1922 in Houston, Texas

The first automatic tentative traffic lights in England were deployed in Wolverhampton in 1927.

Garrett Morgan is sometimes incorrectly credited as the inventor of the traffic light. See

Ampelmännchen traffic lights have come to be seen as a nostalgic sign for the former German Democratic Republic.